Q: What is the RIP (Routing Information Protocol) and how does it work?
A: RIP is a distance-vector routing protocol used to exchange routing information within a LAN or WAN. It is a relatively simple protocol and is commonly used in smaller networks.
How RIP works:
- The network is divided into segments, each with a unique identifier called a network number.
- Each router maintains a routing table, which records the distance and next-hop router for different networks.
- Routers periodically broadcast their entire routing tables to their immediate neighbours.
- When a router receives a neighbour's table, it compares it to its own. If the neighbour offers a shorter path to a network, the router updates its table and broadcasts this new information.
- This process continues until all routers in the network have a consistent and updated view of the topology.